2019 Oscar Contenders: Eastern Europe and the former USSR (23 Countries)

Here are the 23 submissions from Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. 

DISQUALIFIED:

23. KYRGYZSTAN- "Night Accident" Kyrgyzstan announced road movie "Night Accident" as their Oscar submission on September 27th. The film got very good reviews but didn't appear on the final list (though it was on the Golden Globes submission list). My guess is that it didn't arrive in Los Angeles in time, but there's been no confirmation either way. 

BETTER LUCK NEXT YEAR
22. LITHUANIA- "Wonderful Losers"
21. LATVIA- "To Be Continued"
20. CZECH REPUBLIC- "Winter Flies"
19. MONTENEGRO- "Iskra"
18. GEORGIA- "Namme"

For the second year in a row, LITHUANIA is in my bottom two. Their dull 75-minute documentary "Wonderful Losers" is about professional cycling. It focuses on the members of professional cycling teams whose job (apparently) is to support the team captains but it also focuses on the medical teams that follow the racers. There was actually no explanation of how these cycling races are organized and the stories were of very little interest. LATVIA also selected an unheralded documentary, choosing "To Be Continued", following a number of rural children through their first year of school. Even if it's very well-done it won't make an impact here. Both were probably chosen thanks to a new rule that all documentaries submitted for the Foreign Language category will automatically be entered in the Best Documentary competition. 

MONTENEGRO has the most obscure film on the list, namely "micro-budget" political thriller Iskra", the feature debut of 28-year old Gojko Berkuljan. The few reviews online say this is a very engaging film, focused on a series of unsolved murders and disappearances. But with no awards, no buzz, no festival play and no budget, it will have to content itself with the extra publicity it will get from the Oscar race. GEORGIA also chose an obscure film- "Namme"- over some more high-profile entries ("Khibula", "Dede" and a local version of "Hamlet"). "Namme" is about an old man who is the caretaker of a holy spring with healing waters, and a (possibly) magical fish.  His three sons have left home leaving his reluctant youngest daughter to carry on the tradition. "Namme" has a sweet story and showcases Georgia's natural beauty....but it's slow-moving and slightly dull. 

The CZECH REPUBLIC should be embarrassed to be in the bottom tier alongside these four small republics. "Winter Flies" was one of the worst of the 46 submissions I've seen so far. If you want to see a road movie with two unlikable 13-year olds jerking off together in a car, go see "Winter Flies".  

TOO MUCH COMPETITION
17. KOSOVO- "The Marriage"
16. BELARUS- "Crystal Swan"
15. ARMENIA- "Spitak"
14. ROMANIA- "I Do Not Care If We Go Down In History As Barbarians"
13. MACEDONIA- "Secret Ingredient"

After a 22-year absence, BELARUS is back in the Oscar race with "Crystal Swan". I feel terrible ranking it so low because I really loved the film. It's definitely one of my favorites and one of the reasons I try to see all the films- not just the apparent front-runners. Set in the 1990s, "Crystal Swan" is about, Velya, a 20-something Belarusian slacker who dreams of being a DJ and dreads ending up like her mother, a responsible civil servant. Velya is trying to get a visa to leave her conservative country and work illegally in America. When she learns that the US Embassy will call the fake phone number she put on her visa application "sometime this week" to verify her employment as a factory manager, she travels to rural Belarus to find the family that has the number and convince them to let her sit by the phone. "Crystal Swan" is a low-budget feature debut but it's charming, funny and original, while also treading into some very dark places. I loved it. Much the same can be said for the crowd-pleasing marijuana comedy "Secret Ingredient" from MACEDONIA. Vele's conservative father is dying of cancer and in constant pain, and Vele cannot afford the medicine needed to keep him. But instead of a dark Balkan drama, this is a very dark Balkan comedy as Vele discovers a cache of drugs and uses the potent marijuana to make Dad feel better. He tries to keep this a secret to avoid trouble with the police and with the drug dealers who lost their stash, but Dad can't keep a secret and tells the whole neighborhood that his son is a miracle healer. It's also a low-budget effort but it's very entertaining and very well-done. Bravo to both. 

Also from the former Yugoslavia, we have "The Marriage" (available on Amazon). Who would have thought that the only gay-themed film from Europe this year would be from the tiny, conservative breakaway republic of KOSOVO. This is another one of those films that I really enjoyed but will simply be forgotten here. The story follows a seemingly happily engaged Kosovar couple whose relationship is strained by the arrival of the groom's best friend who emigrated to France many years before. The two men were in love but could not make things work in conservative Kosovo. Reviews have been mixed-to-positive but I really liked it. 

More memorable and less enjoyable is ROMANIA's intellectual drama "I Do Not Care If We Go Down in History as Barbarians", a didactic, talky drama exploring Romanian history. This may be the "smartest" movie in competition, as the modern-day characters have intellectual debates about the meaning of history, the actions of Romania's WWII leadership and the ability of the public to process historical revisionism. It's a good film with a great ending...but it's not very accessible and definitely requires some knowledge of Romanian history. Last but not least, ARMENIA has chosen earthquake drama "Spitak", a Russian co-production . Strangely enough, Armenia was disqualified for another Russian co-production about the same earthquake two years ago. "Spitak" is an Armenian man in Moscow who rushes home to find his family after hearing about the disastrous 1988 earthquake that killed roughly 40,000 people. Destined to be an also-ran. 

MIDDLE OF THE ROAD
12. SERBIA- "Offenders"
11. BULGARIA- "Omnipresent"
10. CROATIA- "The Eight Commissioner"
9. SLOVENIA- "Ivan"

Balkan neighbors Bulgaria and Serbia have chosen very different films about the power of surveillance and voyeurism. Dark comedy "Omnipresent" (BULGARIA) is slightly more likely than dark thriller "Offenders" (SERBIA), though neither is likely to make the finals. "Offenders", one of is about a group of graduate students who set up a series of video cameras in a poor neighborhood to prove their professor's theory of anarchy. Bulgaria is a lighter (but still sometimes creepy) film about a man who becomes obsessed with watching the security cameras he has set up in his home and office. The man had set up one camera in his father's apartment to catch a thief but the cameras proceed to reveal family secrets and betrayals that he uses to his own advantage. 

CROATIA's comedy "The Eighth Commissioner" revolves around a fast-rising bureaucrat who is forcibly relocated from the capital to a remote island after an embarrassing political scandal. His new "district" is filled with a few dozen elderly citizens (plus a Bosnian fugitive, a Ukrainian prostitute and a slew of goats) who have no intention of cooperating. They have already driven the first "seven commissioners" away. This is a flawed but definitely charming film. The ribald humor and the overlong running time will make sure this film is likely to rank in the 30s or 40s.  Finally we have SLOVENIA and "Ivan", which is a really hard one to rank. It's a well-made film with an extremely unsympathetic lead character, namely a young woman who has just given birth to the son of her wealthy, married boyfriend. This is a good, twisty drama with a lot of meaty moral dilemmas but isn't likely to stand out enough to make the Top Six or be one of the three that are saved. 


HOPING FOR A MIRACLE
8. RUSSIA- "Sobibor"
7. ESTONIA- "Take It Or Leave It"
6. BOSNIA- "Never Leave Me"

I'll keep my remarks on these three brief. 

I've only seen "Take It Or Leave It" (ESTONIA), a well-made family drama about a 20-something Estonian laborer who receives a phone call from his ex-girlfriend notifying him that he has become a father and that she is giving the child up for adoption. The man reluctantly decides to raise the child by himself and what results in a very realistic (this is not "Mr. Mom" or "Three Men and a Baby") look at the struggles of single fatherhood. Probably too small to compete here but a strong effort. It will compare favorably with the similarly themed "Ivan" from Slovania. 

BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA selected refugee drama "Never Leave Me", about Syrian refugees trying to survive in Turkey. Starring real-life child refugees, it's guaranteed to tug at the heartstrings. Reviews have been very positive, but note a tendency for the plot to get off-track. The film will be hurt by comparisons to Lebanon's more prominent "Capernaum" from Lebanon. RUSSIA has selected a more traditional war drama-"Sobibor"- revolving around the real-life uprising of prisoners being held in a Nazi extermination camp. The film itself is said to be an extremely realistic look at WWII history, but lacking in character development

DARK HORSES
5. HUNGARY- "Sunset"
4. KAZAKHSTAN- "Ayka"
3. UKRAINE- "Donbass"

Let's take a look at these three dark horses:

 Hungary-
BLUF: A young woman's life in turn of the century Hungary.
PROS: The film looks beautiful. Director Nemes won the Oscar for "Son of Saul"
CONS: That's about it for Pros....Although reviews haven't been bad, a lot of people are lukewarm on the film. It has the lowest score in Europe on Rotten Tomatoes (52% from critics and 55% from audiences)
BOTTOM LINE: While hoping to emulate "The Notebook", another Hungarian film with mixed reviews that somehow made the shortlist, "Sunset" is probably out of luck.

 Kazakhstan
BLUF: A grim drama about an unemployed, Central Asian woman living in Moscow. She has just had a baby and is desperate to make ends meet.
PROS: Won Best Actress in Cannes.
CONS: Unrelentingly grim and depressing. Most reviews single out the acting more than the film itself.
BOTTOM LINE: Kazakhstan pushed hard for this film to get into the Oscar race as it was originally going to be disqualified for not meeting nationality requirements (director Sergey Dvortsevoy was born and raised in Kazakhstan and has represented them once before....but is now based in Russia and recently gave up his Kazakh citizenship). But it can't make the Top Six and there's too much competition for a save.

 Ukraine
BLUF: A series of vignettes focused on war-torn, eastern Ukraine
PROS: It's an intellectual, arthouse choice focusing on the issue of fake news and propaganda (a hot topic in the U.S.), and it's not required to know about Ukrainian politics......
CONS: ....but it helps. The "coldness" and lack of regular characters will turn off some voters and this definitely won't fly with the large committee.
BOTTOM LINE: I predict that "Donbass" is seriously considered by the elite committee for a "save"....and ultimately loses out.

FRONT-RUNNERS
2. POLAND- "Cold War"
1. SLOVAKIA- "The Interpreter"

As of December 14th, I have both of these films in my Top Nine predictions. "Cold War", from POLAND, has been a favorite all-season and has gotten rapturous reviews for its decidedly unromantic story of star-crossed lovers who meet in post-WWII Communist Poland and who manage to meet again in Yugoslavia, France and finally Poland. Of course it's well-done (I thought it was much better than Oscar-winning "Ida", which I found forgettable) and the Cinematography is likely to be nominated for an Oscar. But the film's characters aren't likable and the film, like the title, is "cold". It failed to get a Golden Globe nomination and is probably less safe than people think. "The Interpreter" from neighboring SLOVAKIA, could be the one that surprises everyone. This is the story of two old men on a road trip through Austria and Slovakia to research long-buried secrets from WWII. 80-year Ali, a Slovakian Jew and German-language interpreter, finds himself paired with 70-year free spirit George, an Austrian whose father was the Gestapo officer who had Ali's parents killed. It's funny, it's sad and it tells a Holocaust story in a completely different way. However, the ending (which I liked) has apparently turned a lot of people off. This film is going to be a strong contender to win over the traditionally older, male Large Committee....unless the influx of new voters this year really changes the demographics. 

Now the statistics:

Number of countries that have participated in the past: 27

Number of countries participating this year:  23 (including Kyrgyzstan) 

Number of debuts: Zero.

Who's out?:  Albania, Azerbaijan, Moldova and Tajikistan. 

Number I predicted correctly- I did pretty well, predicting 9 correctly (Bosnia, Hungary, Kyrgyzstan, Macedonia, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia and Slovenia), though most of these were pretty easy. 

Already Seen: I've seen 13 out of 23 so far and they are a likable bunch- Belarus (A-), Bulgaria (B+), Croatia (B+), Czech Republic (D), Estonia (A-), Georgia (C+), Kosovo (B+), Lithuania (D+), Macedonia (B+), Poland (B+), Romania (B), Slovakia (A) and Slovenia (B+). 

Film I'm most looking forward to seeing: Serbia's "Offenders". 

Number of Female Directors:  4- Aida Begić (Bosnia-Herzegovina), Liina Triškina (Estonia), Blerta Zeqiri (Kosovo) and Darya Zhuk (Belarus)

Oldest and Youngest Directors: 28-year old Montenegrin director Gojko Berkuljan is the second-youngest filmmaker in the 87-film competition. 84-year old Ivars Seleckis of Latvia is by far the oldest. 

Number of Foreign Languages Represented:  It's a big mix this year as films from Bosnia, Estonia, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia and Ukraine all straddle real or imagined borders, and have dialogue in more than one language. But if we do majority languages, we have 4 in Russian (Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia and Ukraine), 3 in Serbo-Croatian (Croatia, Montenegro and Serbia) plus one each in Albanian (Kosovo), Arabic (Bosnia), Armenian, Bulgarian, Czech, Estonian, Georgian, German (Slovakia), Hungarian, Italian (Lithuanian), Latvian, Macedonian, Polish, Romanian and Slovene. 

Number of Documentaries: 2- Latvia and Lithuania

Number of countries with a realistic chance at making the shortlist: Hmmm.....3 or 4 at most. 

Highest profile film:  Of course "Cold War" from Poland. 

Oscar History: We have two Oscar winners on the list- Poland's Paweł Pawlikowski's "Ida" won in 2015, and Hungary's László Nemes' "Son of Saul" won in 2016. 

Not sure if this is a record or not, but Slovakia's Martin Šulík is in the race for a seventh time....and he's only 56 years old...... On their third try: Aida Begić of Bosnia ("Snow", "Children of Sarajevo") and Janez Burger of Slovenia ("The Ruins" and "Silent Sonata"). On their second try- Sergey Dvortsevoy of Kazakhstan ("Tulpan"), Radu Jude of Romania ("Aferim") and Arūnas Matelis of Lithuania ("Before Flying Back to Earth"). 

Most Notable Omissions:   A lot of countries had an easy choice, but not Poland. Controversial priest drama "The Clergy"  (Poland) probably gave "Cold War" a last-minute run for its money. And astronaut drama "Salyut-7" never got much buzz but probably would have done extremely well.  Others eliminated early: "Directions" (Bulgaria),  "Dede" (Georgia), "A Gentle Creature" (Lithuania), "The Last Day Before June" (Moldova), Silver Bear winner "Mug" (Poland), "Dovlatov" (Russia), and "Volcano" (Ukraine). 

Familiar Faces: French actor Christopher Lambert stars in "Sobibor" (Russia). German actor Peter Simonischek ("Toni Erdmann") and Czech actor/director Jirí Menzel star in "The Interpreter" (Slovakia). 

Last year's race: I saw 16 of 22 films last year. I wasn't a huge fan of either of the two Oscar nominees ("Of Body and Soul" and "Loveless"). I definitely thought the best film was "Glory" from Bulgaria. I was also a big fan of the characters in "Ice Mother" (Czech Republic) and the creativity and originality of "November" (Estonia). 

FOREIGN OSCAR PREDICTIONS: Eastern Europe

It's that time of year again. The surprise announcement by BELARUS that they would be re-entering the Oscar race after over 20 years (with a "girl power" comedy, no less) spurred me to begin this year's review with the 24 countries of Eastern Europe. Last year, 20 of these countries sent films....This year, we could conceivably see all 24. 

Last year I saw 65 of the record 92 submissions, and I'll include my rankings after reviewing this year's new films, although I probably won't have time to look at all five regions. 

Here are my 24 predictions from Eastern Europe: 

1.  ALBANIA- “Delegation” Albania has a number of films in post-production but they’ve been absent from film festivals this year and I only know of one film (political comedy “The Expats’ Tale”) that has actually been released in theatres. My guess is that they will send a last-minute premiere by one of their previously submitted Oscar teams- either “The Delegation”, a black comedy about Communist Albania’s first encounters with the West in 1990, or “A Shelter Among the Clouds”, a rural drama about faith in a multi-religious region of Albania. “Delegation” is directed by two-time Albanian representative Bujar Alimani and written by Artan Minarolli, who made “Alive”, one of Albania’s best Oscar submissions ever. “Shelter” is directed by Robert Budina who represented Albania in 2013. Dramas “Open Door” and “Broken” could also be selected if they get released in time. My prediction: an early qualifying release for “The Delegation”.

2.  ARMENIA- “Lorik” Armenia’s political revolution has energized an outpouring of creative energy in the country, but film output is way down . There were no National Film Awards last year (originally known as the Hayak Awards, then the Anahit Awards) and the national film festival only had one new feature- namely “Lorik”. “Lorik” stars acclaimed actor Michael Poghosian who has starred in most of Armenia’s Oscar submissions so far, so "Lorik" looks like a good bet. In this film, he plays an aging actor.  Earthquake drama “Spitak” won Best Director at the Moscow Film Festival, but the Russian/Armenian co-production situation looks too much like earthquake drama “Earthquake” which was disqualified by AMPAS for being too Russian. Possible dark horse: documentary short “With the Wind” won Best Doc at the national Film Festival in July (the Golden Apricots) and selecting this debut by a young 24-year old would show support for the nation’s youth....a high priority of the government after this spring's peaceful revolution. 

3.  AZERBAIJAN-“Return” Azerbaijan has slim pickings this year and I’m unsure of what they could possibly send. For now, I’ll put down “Return” (also known as “Returning in the Future” or “Dönüş”), a patriotic film about a medic soldier serving during the Nagorno-Karabakh war.  That seems more likely than “Devil” (aka “Khannas”), a new horror-thriller that earned Azerbaijan its only major film festival bookings this year, in Iran and Kazakhstan. 

4.  BELARUS- “Crystal Swan” Welcome back Belarus! For years, Belarus has been the only nation in Europe without an Oscar committee (some countries e.g. Azerbaijan and Moldova only submit infrequently, but they do have an active selection committee). So it was a major surprise when the reclusive Eastern Euro republic became the first country to announce their official Oscar pick of 2018. Belarus- which last entered the race in 1996- selected “Crystal Swan”, a surprisingly youthful (and slightly subversive) comedy about a young woman trying to engage in visa fraud to realize her dream of becoming a club DJ in the USA. The trailer looks low-budget but charming, and the film just won the Grand Prize at the Odessa Film Festival. I plan to see it this month. 

5.  BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA- “Never Leave Me” Bosnia usually makes the “obvious choice” and this year that is Aida Begic’s children-in-peril drama “Never Leave Me”. Begic has been chosen twice before and Oscar loves war and cute kids. “Never Leave Me” was the only Bosnian-directed film in competition at Sarajevo (in the “In Focus” Section) and its story of three Syrian refugee boys is guaranteed to pull at the heartstrings. It’s in Arabic and Turkish but the main crew is Bosnian so it’s eligible.

6.  BULGARIA- “3/4”  Once the region’s cinematic laggard, Bulgaria has quietly been gaining a reputation for quality arthouse cinema. Last year’s “Glory” deserved an Oscar nomination and Bulgarian entries are generally much better than the dreary films from the Romanian New Wave next door. This year, the Bulgarians have several films to choose from. The most acclaimed “Bulgarian” film of the year- “Aga”- is actually not very Bulgarian at all. “Aga” competed in the Main Competition at Berlinale for Bulgaria, but it was filmed in Russia in the Yakut language by a Bulgarian director. It’s about the dying traditions of a Yakut family in a remote region of Siberia. It would be the obvious choice, but some countries prefer to select a film that showcases the culture of the country it is representing. In that case, Bulgaria could choose “3/4”, a quiet family drama about a young female pianist and her quirky family, or “Omnipresent”, a drama-thriller about a paranoid young man who becomes obsessed with spying on his friends and family. Bulgaria has two major film festivals- the Sofia Film Festival (where “¾” dominated) and the Golden Rose Festival (where “Omnipresent” was more popular). They also have two dark horses: “Heights”, a crowd-pleasing local hit and historical epic set in the 1870s when Bulgaria was fighting for independence from the Ottoman Empire and “Directions”, about a late-night taxi driver and directed by Bulgaria’s only Oscar-shortlisted director Stephan Komandarev. My prediction: “3/4” will pip the better-reviewed “Aga” due to nationality, with Komandarev’s “Directions” in third. 

7.  CROATIA- “Mali” I’m pretty sure that Croatia will select “Mali”, which won both Best Picture awards at the Pula Film Festival this year (Film Critics and Jury). Interestingly enough it came in 9^th out of 12 film in the Audience Award competition, so that doesn't bode well for its chances. “Mali” is a grim family drama about a drug dealer trying to retain custody of his young son, and it's directed by Antonio Nuic (“Donkey”), a respected young director who was selected to represent the country in 2009. “Mali” doesn't have a domestic release date yet, potentially opening the door to three others- “All Alone” (another custody drama), “Comic Sans” (winner of Best Director, two acting awards, two tech awards and the Audience Award in Pula) and “Eighth Commissioner” (one acting and four tech awards). Rural comedy “Comic Sans” would definitely be the hometown favorite (it scored 4.92 out of 5 at Pula) but I don’t think Croatia would choose a movie that depends so much on dialect and local flavor. I have sentimental dramedy “Eighth Commissioner”, a box-office success based on a popular novel, ranked second. 

8.   CZECH REPUBLIC- “Bear With Us” The Czech Republic deserved a shortlist spot last year for the charming "Ice Mother” (maybe if the film hadn’t ended quite so suddenly?). This year has been weak for Czech cinema. There are four or five potential contenders, but none are likely to be nominated. I think the two top possibilities are road movie “Winter Flies” and the upcoming police procedural “Miss Hanoi”, which will both be released in the next 30 days. “Winter Flies” (directed by Slovenia’s Olmo Omerzu) is a road movie about two teens in a stolen car, and it won Best Director at Karlovy Vary. “Miss Hanoi” focuses on a murder within the Czech Republic’s minority Vietnamese community, which is being investigated by two Czech police partners, including the first Vietnamese-Czech woman on the force. Although “Miss Hanoi” hasn’t screened yet, I’m predicting it as the surprise Czech nominee, with “Winter Flies” in second place. Rounding out the Top Five (in order): family comedy “Bear With Us”, coming-of-age drama “Short Cut” and horror-thriller “Domestique”. UPDATE:  Now that "Miss Hanoi" has opened to little fanfare or strong feelings one way or the other, I'm switching my prediction to family comedy "Bear With Us". 

9.  ESTONIA- “Little Comrade” Estonian cinema got an extra dollop of funding due to this year’s centennial of independence. It’s difficult to see the Estonians choosing anything other than the heart-warming drama of “Little Comrade”, a local box-office smash about a little girl growing up in Communist Estonia, after her nationalist mother is deported to a labor camp. Confused by her mother’s sudden departure, she tries to be as good as she can be so that her mother will return to her. The only other possibility I could see is the Georgian-language “Confession” (see below). Georgian director Zaza Urushadze got Estonia their first-ever Oscar nominee for “Tangerines” but “Confession” has far less Estonian input, so I expect it will compete for Georgia. In a less competitive year, “The Manslayer. The Virgin. The Shadow”- featuring one lead actress playing three roles in three time periods- would also have a chance. 

10.   GEORGIA- “Dede” It’s a crowded race since two of last year’s top contenders (“Khibula”, which I predicted last year, plus “Dede”) got released domestically in Georgia this year. They join Georgia’s two festival films of 2018 (“Namme” from Tokyo and “Horizonti” from Berlin/Sarajevo) plus Oscar nominee Zaza Urushadze’s latest film, “Confession”. All of these films are said to be "good" and all make use of Georgia’s exotically beautiful countryside. None are universally loved. Variety called “Khibula” “illuminating but arduous” and “Confession” “a problematic follow-up” to the Oscar-nominated "Tangerines". "Khibula" is the latest from Giorgi Ovashvili (shortlisted for “Corn Island”). My prediction is that Georgia selects ethnographic love triangle “Dede” with “Confession”- about a priest tempted by a beautiful village girl who resembles Marilyn Monroe- in a very close second place. After all, “Father Amaro” had the same plot and middling reviews didn’t stop them from earning Mexico an Oscar nomination. “Khibula” may prove too political while “Namme” has no buzz. Georgia has chosen an obscure last-minute release three of the past four years so we could also see something completely new. 

11.  HUNGARY- “Sunset” Few countries have an easier decision than Hungary this year. László Nemes won an Oscar, a Golden Globe, a BAFTA and three awards at Cannes for his feature debut “Son of Saul” (which I still haven’t seen….) in 2016. His follow-up, “Sunset”, is another historical drama, this time set in the lead-up to WWI. It has booked a prime competition slot in Venice, initial photographs and clips look beautifully filmed, and the producers have arranged for it to debut in Hungarian cinemas a few days before the Oscar deadline. I can’t imagine Hungary choosing anything else….If the film were to flop (which is highly unlikely), they would presumably choose “One Day” (winner of Best Director at Cannes Director’s Fortnight), the directorial debut of the AD of Oscar nominee “Of Body and Soul”.  It’s about a harried housewife and in any other year, it would be a strong contender. 

12.    KOSOVO- “Cold November” Tiny Kosovo has two strong contenders this year. “The Marriage”- about a man clearly not in love with his fiancée- is clearly the most visible Kosovar film of the year, with regional screenings at film festivals in Tallinn (Best First Feature), Sarajevo and Transilvania. But moral dilemma drama “Cold November” is set to debut soon in San Sebastian and may have more momentum. It stars renowned Bosnian actor Emir Hadzihafizbegovic who has starred in no less than 14 Oscar submissions from former Yugoslavian countries since 2003. I think the LGBT storyline of “The Marriage” will be enough to doom them to second place. Still….an impressive year for tiny Kosovo!

13.  LATVIA- “Bille” I’m predicting Latvia sends “Bille”, a successful family drama about a little girl growing up in a poor family during the Great Depression. It should have a pretty easy time defeating thriller “Foam at the Mouth”, which won a Critics Prize at Moscow 2018 and whose director represented Latvia in 2013. Less likely: popular action-comedy “Criminal Excellence Fund” and Japanese co-production “Magic Kimono” (starring Kaori Momoi). Latvia’s biggest hit of the year- Aigars Grauba’s 13^th century epic “The Pagan King”- was filmed in English. 

14.  LITHUANIA- “Isaac” Lithuania has a surprisingly competitive race with no less than five films strongly in the running. In alphabetical order: (1)- “Breathing Into Marble” is the only Lithuanian feature to play at a major festival in 2018. This “family thriller” concerns a family raising two young boys, one natural child with epilepsy and one adopted child with disturbing tendencies; (2)- the Russian-language “A Gentle Creature” by Ukrainian director Sergei Loznitsa isn’t exactly a Lithuanian movie, but the co-production has represented Lithuania at several EU Film Festivals and competed at the Lithuanian Silver Crane Awards as a domestic feature. The film premiered at Cannes 2017 where it garnered strong reviews for its story of a woman seeking to learn why the letters to her jailed husband in prison have been returned unopened; (3)- the upcoming (and controversial) “Isaac” (Izaokas) focuses on the murder of a Jewish Lithuanian in 1941 when Lithuania was occupied by both the Soviets and the Nazis. It’s set to premiere right before the deadline in September; (4)- “Miracle” won Best Picture (over “Creature” and “Marble”) at the 2018 Lithuanian Silver Crane Awards for its tragicomedy about a hog farm, a devoted employee and a capitalist who may be a con artist; (5)- “Wonderful Losers: A Different World”, about competitive cycling, won Best Documentary at the Silver Crane Awards (Lithuania has picked documentaries three times before) and has the highest score on IMDB. Lithuania’s most hotly anticipated film of the year- “Ashes in the Snow” will be released after the deadline on October 12 and will likely be next year’s submission. This is a tough one, but I predict “Isaac”, followed by “Miracle” (which I’m personally hoping for) and “Wonderful Losers” in third. 

15.    MACEDONIA- “Secret Ingredient” Macedonia has inexplicably refused to send a film two of the past five years, saying their films aren’t good enough, losing an opportunity for national filmmakers to get their films seen in America. This year, I think they'll be back....They have two critically-acclaimed dark comedies eligible, namely “Secret Ingredient” a marijuana-laced black comedy, and “Year of the Monkey”, starring a man and a chimpanzee.  Despite sounding silly, both films have received warm reviews from critics and Macedonia has selected comedies twice before.  “Secret Ingredient” is about a man who learns medicinal marijuana can cure his cancer-stricken father while “Year of the Monkey” (which represented domestic cinema at the 2018 Skopje Film Festival) features modern Macedonian life through the eyes of a zookeeper and his pet monkey. I give the edge to “Ingredient” which has slightly better reviews. Macedonia sometimes tries to announce their Oscar selection to publicize a movie released at the very last moment; if they decide to do that again, “The Mocking of Christ” is a potential nominee. 

16.  MOLDOVA-“The Last Day Before June” Moldova may be Europe’s least-visited nation but it’s also a very charming place (I vacationed here in 2016). They’ve sent films to the Oscars twice and I expect this year they’ll send “The Last Day Before June”. A rare Moldovan feature, it got Moldova’s first-ever nomination at Russia’s Nika Awards (for Best CIS Film) and also screened in the CIS Section at the Golden Apricot Film Festival in Armenia. It’s about an Italian man and his Moldovan wife who return to Moldova to try and take back the children she left behind with her Moldovan ex-husband.

17.  MONTENEGRO- “You Have the Night” Montenegro is the smallest nation in Eastern Europe (population: 620,000) and didn’t have any eligible films last year. This year, the small Balkan republic managed a rare festival slot at a Class-A festival, possibly for the first time in their history. Therefore, “You Have the Night”, which received support from the Ministry of Culture (which I think selects the Montenegrin Oscar candidate) is suddenly the clear frontrunner. Premiering in Venice, it’s about a woman who loses her job aboard a cruise ship. Less likely: I predicted triptych drama “Neverending Past” (aka “Između dana i noći”) last year but it still hasn’t been released; “The Books of Knige”, starring a bunch of TV comedians, was popular but looks too silly to be considered.

18.   POLAND- “Cold War” I’m predicting Poland sends “Cold War”, the sophomore film by Pawel Pawlikowski, Poland’s first Foreign Film Oscar winner (“Ida”). It also won Best Director at Cannes and is the best-reviewed Polish film of 2018. But unlike the front-runners from Hungary or Ukraine, this is by no means a sure thing. Pawlikowski has claimed that he has been blacklisted by Poland’s government. I have no idea whether Poland’s Oscar committee has government ties or whether this will matter (Authoritarian Russia has chosen films by anti-regime directors) but this will be one of Eastern Europe’s more interesting races. For the record, “Cold War” is a B&W romance set during the early days of Communism and I personally think it looks better than “Ida” which I found forgettable.  It’s a contender for a nomination if Poland chooses it. But what will Poland choose if they don’t? They’ve actually had a very good film year. There are three new films by previously submitted directors (“Pardon”, “Ether”, “Once Upon A Time in November”), two Polish films that premiered at Berlin (“Mug”) and Cannes (“Fugue”), the winner of last year’s national film awards (“Silent Night”), two baity historical dramas (“303 Squadron” and “The Butler”) plus a controversial film about priests (“Kler”). I really think “Cold War” will get this, but the main competition should be considered to be “The Butler”, a lavish period drama spanning most of the early 20^th century that (unlike many of the others) has a release date.

19.  ROMANIA- “I Do Not Care If We Go Down in History as Barbarians” Usually a win at Cannes, Berlin or Venice will guarantee your film a chance at Best Foreign Film but Romania’s Berlinale 2018 winner largely naked “Touch Me Not” has gotten terrible reviews and probably contains too much English to qualify, leaving Romania without a front-runner. The Romanian race should become clearer after Sarajevo, where a number of Romanian films will premiere and/or expand their reach. That should leave the door open for “I Do Not Care If We Go Down in History as Barbarians” which won the Grand Prize in Karlovy Vary. Director Radu Jude represented Romania with “Aferim!” a few years ago. His latest film is about Romania’s dark past as an ally of Nazi Germany in WWII. It's a politically tricky topic which may upset some Romanians, but it’s the strongest Romanian film of the year. Some years (like last year), Romania will choose a relatively little-known film (last year’s forgettable “Fixeur” beat out “Ana mon Amour” and “One Step Behind the Seraphim”). This year, the "small" contenders could be “Octav”, about an old man who returns to his village after several decades, and “Pororoca”, a slow-burn mystery-thriller about a missing child. “Love. 1. Dog” (by New Wave director Florin Serban) sounds strong but doesn’t have a release date. The quirky “One and a Half Prince” sounds more interesting but doesn’t have the support of a studio. I predict “Barbarians” gets this, with “Love. 1. Dog” and “Octav” the most likely alternatives. 

20.  RUSSIA- "Salyut-7" 

21.  SERBIA- “Offenders” Serbia is fairly confusing this year. The grand days of Yugoslav cinema are mostly gone so one would think that getting a slot at Cannes would be guaranteed to be their Oscar pick. However, "The Load", a slow road movie about a truck driver, has been savaged by critics. “Witch Hunters”, about a boy with cerebral palsy, has gotten the best reviews of any Serbian film this year but it’s primarily a children’s film and Serbia tends to like their films with grittiness and violence. Buzzy sci-fi flick “Ederlezi Rising” is in English. So, this is probably a race between two new Serbian thrillers- “Offenders”, about a professor who encourages his students to experiment with anarchy and chaos, and “Horizons”, a dysfunctional family drama. “Offenders” has more star power and a more experienced director, and it won Best Serbian Feature at the FEST International Film Festival (“Horizons” competed but didn’t win anything) so it’s my prediction. You have to pay a fee to enter the Oscar race in Serbia, so expect “The Load” to get this if “Offenders” doesn’t enter.

22.  SLOVAKIA- “The Interpreter”  Martin Sulik has made six fiction features since Slovakia gained independence in 1993 and he has been selected for the Oscars six times. This year, his “The Interpreter” is by far the best-reviewed Slovak film in a relatively weak year and it was the only Slovak feature to screen at Karlovy Vary (Slovak films are allowed to compete in the "Czech Film Section" and usually there are lots of Slovak films there). The film- about an old man who confronts the man who killed his parents during the Holocaust- is a near lock. Runner-ups: historical drama “Dubcek”, and “By A Sharp Knife”, an upcoming thriller about a community shocked when the killers of a small child are released without punishment.

23.  SLOVENIA- “Ivan” Slovenia appears to have five eligible films by previously submitted directors- Rok Biček, Janez Burger, Jan Cvitkovič, Marko Naberšnik and Sonja Prosenc. Ultimately, this will probably come down to a race between Burger (2005 and 2011) and Prosenc (2015). Burger’s “Ivan” swept the 2017 Slovenian Vesna Awards, winning eight awards including Best Fiction Feature (though it lost Best Picture to a documentary and Best Director to last year’s Slovenian nominee “The Miner”). "Ivan" is a drama about a woman torn between her love for her abusive, married boyfriend and her love for her newborn child. “History of Love”, a mostly wordless teen angst drama, was the only Slovenian film to play at a major festival in 2018 (Karlovy Vary). Disturbing documentary “The Family” (Biček, who probably got Slovenia close to a nomination for “Class Enemy”) won Best Picture at the Vesnas, is definitely a potential spoiler. My predicition: "Ivan", "Family" and "History of Love". 

24.  UKRAINE- “Volcano” Ukraine has one of the easier choices this year and they’re extremely likely to choose abdurdist comedy-drama “Volcano” which represented the country in-competition at Ukraine’s largest film festival, in Odessa, and also in the East of the West Section of Karlovy Vary. Director Roman Bondarchuk has been selected once before and “Volcano”, about a translator stranded in a strange little town, has gotten better reviews than that forgettable documentary. Ukraine often selects a three-film shortlist so the other two are likely to be rural village drama “Where the Trees Fall” (Berlinale Panorama 2018) and documentary “Delta”, which won Best Ukrainian Feature in Odessa (“Volcano” competed in a separate international section).